Notwithstanding any other provisions of this article, the department may require any bottler, distributor, or vendor of bottled water, any owner or operator of a water-vending machine, any water hauler, any retail water facility operator, any private water source operator, or any applicant for a license to test and submit results to the department for any substance, including organic chemical contaminants, at any time that the department believes the substance may be present in the water source and threaten the public health.